With Th’Angelic Host
How to Get from Belfast to Heaven written by Lisa McGee of Derry Girls fame and directed by Michael Lennox of dynastic renown is a great tourism advert for Ireland and the Six Counties in particular. This Netflix comedic thriller is also worth watching to play spot the filming location. Buildings of South County Down by Philip Smith (2019) contains two: the 1830s St John’s House (a singular shade of grey) in Killough and the nearby 1840s St John’s Point Lighthouse (black and yellow wasp stripes). One of the early scenes is shot in The Seahorse Restaurant of Grand Central Hotel on Bedford Street, south of Belfast City Hall.
The original Grand Central Hotel opened in 1893 on Royal Avenue, north of City Hall. Erected as the 19th century came to a close, it was a five storey plus attics 200 bedroom hotel with a corner copper dome over an octagonal turret. The elaborate Italianate red brick elevations were dressed with stone ornamentation. Sir Charles Lanyon’s son John was the architect. Octogenarians recall it being the venue for important job interviews, special occasion dinners and high society events. The Grand Central was Belfast’s top hotel until it closed in the late 1960s as The Troubles turned the city centre into a no go zone. Castlecourt shopping centre replaced the hotel in the 1980s.
The London equivalents of the original Grand Central are, or in some cases, were: The Grand, Trafalgar Square (1881, Frederick Francis, Henry Francis and James Ebenezer Saunders, interior scooped out to insert offices and façade thinly reinstated in the late 20th century); The Langham, top of Oxford Street (1865, John Giles and James Murray, extended in the late 20th century); The Ritz, Green Park (1906, Charles Mèwes and Arthur Davis, correctly extended 2026); The Savoy, The Strand (1889, Thomas Colcutt, revamped in the 1920s); and The Strand Palace, The Strand (1909, Sir Henry Tanner, rebuilt two decades later, still there today).
In recent years, Hastings Hotels has flown the flag of high end hospitality in Northern Ireland. The collection includes Ballygally Castle (Ballygally, County Antrim), Culloden (Cultra, County Down), Everglades (Derry City, County Londonderry), Stormont (outer Belfast), Europa (inner Belfast) and since 2018, Grand Central (inner Belfast). Europa and Grand Central hold a similar record: the former as the world’s most bombed hotel and the latter as the world’s most bombed office block. Hastings Hotels also has a 50 percent share of The Merrion, one of Dublin’s finest establishments.
Ballygally Castle, Culloden and Stormont all started life as country houses. The Merrion was once a row of townhouses. Europa is the only purpose built hotel in the collection. Grand Central used to be Windsor House. Marcus Patton describes the building in Central Belfast An Historical Gazetteer, 1993, “Tall office block of 24 storeys including two storey black marble podium and attic level, the upper levels being clad in white mosaic panels; with a narrow frontage to Bedford Street but extending back considerably. At 270 feet, this is the tallest building in Northern Ireland. In 1852 a new stone warehouse had been built on this site for Robert and John Workman, linen and muslin manufacturers, by Sir Charles Lanyon. One of the first developments in the street, this was four storeys high with channelled ground and first floors, central first floor balcony, arched tops to third floor windows, outer bays set slightly forward, and chimneys rising above deep eaves.”
Taggarts architects retained Dennis McIntyre and Devon’s 1970s concrete frame and faced the structure with dark cladding giving it a contemporary £53 million facelift. Above the 300 bedrooms (50 percent more guest accommodation than its namesake) is the penthouse level Observatory Bar and Restaurant with its 360 degree panorama of this small city. Cave Hill looms to the north. Harbour and Laganside to the east under the embrace of the Holywood Hills. Twin peaks of St Peter’s Catholic Cathedral to the west. And surprisingly, the view to the south stretches over the city and on to the Mourne Mountains. The view inside is of the beautiful people.
The Protestant United Irishman freedom fighter Wolfe Tone made this entry in his June 1795 diary: “I remember two days we spent on the Cave Hill. On the first Russell, Neilson, Simms, McCracken and one of two more of us on the summit of MacArt’s Fort took a solemn obligation which I think I may say I have on my part endeavoured to fulfil – never to desist in our efforts until we had subverted the authority of England over our country and asserted our independence.” In his 1955 memoir, the great writer Clive Staples Lewis recalled, “County Down in the holidays and Surrey in the term – it was an excellent contrast.” He saw the Holywood Hills as “an irregular polygon” and the Mournes were famously his inspiration for the land of Narnia.
Grand Central Hotel is linked to the past and not just in name. Its seahorse motif symbolises Belfast’s maritime heritage. Curtain fabric pattern is inspired by the flax flower of Ulster’s linen history. The building has not been restored to its former glory – a depressing Civil Service office block. Instead, it has been reimagined as a symbol of the revification of Belfast as a tourist destination. The interior is filled with literary and artistic references. A framed extract from local poet Paul Muldoon’s composition Belfast Hymn (2018) is on a stairwell: “Known too, the best days begin and end at the Grand Central where we counter the cold and damp with oatmeal, ancient grains, entrecôte aux champignons, champ, a flute of gold Champagne.”
Another extract is engraved on the glass wall of the lift: “The flute on which James Galway soared was really made of gold. Some dwell in the House of the Lord and some on the threshold of hotels like the Maritime. Van Morrison and Team summoning from our glow and grime meticulous mayhem.” Paul explains, “I was tempted by the idea of trying to write a new poem about Belfast for several reasons. The first is that, despite my not having lived here since 1986, I still feel very connected to the city. I came here first as a child in the 1950s, usually traveling by train via Portadown … In 1969, I came to Queen’s University as a student, just as things were hotting up on the streets. On July 21, 1972, a date that would become known as Bloody Friday, Smithfield Bus Station was bombed. Smithfield Market was destroyed by incendiary bombs in 1974. By that stage I was at the BBC, where I worked as a radio and television producer between 1973 and 1986. I spent several of those years in an office in Windsor House. Having long been an admirer of the Hastings family and their profound sense of civic responsibility, I am delighted to offer this poem in the spirit of hope and the idea of home they so wonderfully embody.”
A gigantic artwork Still Life Consommé Cup dominates The Seahorse Bar. Born in Lancashire, artist Neil Shawcross spent his working life teaching at Belfast College of Art. His painting – not dissimilar to Chi Peng’s two cups and saucers Scattered Aesthetic and Concrete Depth in the foyer of Waldorf Astoria Beijing – symbolises the return of dining elegance. A mural by Tandem Design hangs over The Seahorse Restaurant. The illustrated mythology represents Sir Arthur Chichester (who established the city in 1611) as a wolf. A seahorse makes an appearance in the mural. Even the staircase has a life size seahorse wrapped round its newel post.
A trawl through the Public Records Office Northern Ireland reveals highly sensitive documents dating from around the War of Independence era. A memo stamped “Secret” dated 2 June 1922 states, “Owing to the recent activities in the city it appears to be very important that the Night Watchmen be armed, and it is therefore hoped that this matter may be treated as urgent … The matter has been discussed with Mr Harrison and Colonel Goodwin, and it is understood that if no regular constables are available, there would be no difficulty in engaging Special Constables for this work. The Minister of Finance has arranged for the building to be closed to the general public from 5.00pm to 8.45am Monday to Friday, and from 1230pm Saturday to 8.54am Monday, and I am directed to request that suitable protection be afforded, and that, if necessary, additional Special Constables be engaged. A plan of the thrid floor of the building is attached. The remaining floors are almost identical.” John Robinson, Establishment Division, Ministry of Finance.
A Minute Sheet dated 2 June 1922 from the Secretary of Ministry of Finance, to the Secretary of Home Affairs is titled Protection of Grand Central Hotel. It records: “I am directed by the Minster of Finance to state that the question of police protection of the Grand Central Hotel has been under consideration, arising out of a request received from the Ministry of Pensions. The building consists of six floors and has two entrances. It is, however, proposed to close all entrances except the main entrance, and convert the rear and side entrances to emergency exits. The protection of this building was recently considered together with all other Government buildings, and doubt was expressed as to whether effective protection could be afforded.”
It wasn’t just members of the public staying eating and sleeping in the hotel. “As you are no doubt aware, a considerable number of people visit the building daily to attend the undermentioned offices: Ministry of Pensions, Ministry of Labour, Ministry of Finance (Works and Valuation), Inland Revenue Inspector of Taxes and Post Offices Engineer, and it is not possible to institute a system of passes or interview forms. The provision in the building of sleeping quarters for men offering themselves for recruits for His Majesty’s Forces is a very undesirable feature, and the military authorities are being asked to accommodate these men elsewhere.”
Protection for Grand Central Hotel was estimated at £6,000 per annum. “It is considered that the building is most liable to attack between 6.30am and 8.45am during the time the cleaning staff is on duty, from 12.00 noon to 2.15pm when the staff is depleted during the luncheon interval, and from 5.00pm to 8.00pm when the building is almost deserted except for casual attenders at the Ministry of Pensions Clinics and Inland Revenue Office. An armed Night Watchman is on duty from 9.00pm to 7.00am and a caretaker sleeps on the premises. The technical staff has arranged for alarm bells to be installed and a wire screen to be affixed insider the main entrance, and they are of opinion that the two Constables patrolling each corridor from 6.30am to 9.00pm would provide suitable protection. The matter is, however, submitted for the consideration of the police authorities for their opinion, which will be accepted.”
On a brighter note, the Public Records Office Northern Ireland holds a very meaty menu for Christmas Luncheon in the Grant Central Hotel on Friday 25 December 1964 (25 shillings a head). Honeydew Melon, Pâté Maison, Soused Herring. Rich Brown Game Soup, Scotch Broth. Salmon Mayonnaise, Fried Fillet of Sole Tartare Sauce. Roast Irish Turkey Gammon Cranberry Sauce, Roast Leg of Pork Apple Sauce, Roast Sirloin of Beef Horseradish Sauce. Roast Irish Chicken Bacon Bread Sauce. Cold Buffet: Irish Ham, Assorted Meats, Roast Turkey, Brussels Sprouts, Green Peas, Seasonal Salad, Creamed Roast Potatoes. Fresh Jellies, Plum Pudding, Sherry Trifle, Fruit Salad, Dairy Cream, Mince Pie. Assorted English Cheeses and Biscuits. Tea or Coffee. It’s enough to turn the most dedicated carnivore vegetarian.
Back in 1892 in the genesis of town planning as a profession, the British theorist Ebenezer Howard published his highly influential tome Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform. Six years later, it was reissued with the catchier title Garden Cities of Tomorrow. His idealised garden city would house 32,000 people on 3,600 hectares based on a concentric pattern incorporating open spaces and public parks. A couple of decades after Ebenezer’s bestseller had hit the shelves, Letchworth and Welwyn, both on the outskirts of London, would become Britain’s first and last garden cities.
The idea took root across Europe. Bilbao is blessed with surrounding mountain ranges from Artxanda to the northeast to Pagasarri to the south. A beautiful sense of containment is the result. On the lower slopes of Artxanda opposite the Guggenheim Museum, above the far bank of the River Nervión, is the Basque interpretation of a garden city. Mainly white villas with black timbered details, clearly channelling a vernacular of old, are set in the generous verdant plots of Matio Ciudad Jardín.
Commercial and community buildings overlook Celso Negeuruela Plaza in the heart of Matio Ciudad Jardín. It’s all so low rise and low density compared to the mansion blocks of the tight urban grid that is central Bilbao. A hillside funicular and glass lifts descending from the Maurice Ravel Etorb dual carriageway connect Matio Ciudad Jardín to the city centre.
In 1922 Basque architect Pedro Ispizua won a municipal competition to design a residential led mixed use scheme for the stated funded Cooperative of Employees and Journalists. His 56 pairs of semi detached houses line roads striping and curling up the gradient. Regionalist architecture blends Basque farmhouse style with modern living requirements. Red pantile roofs contrast with the monochromatic elevations.
Later insertions include a pale grey rendered house with a corner circular conical roofed tower opening onto a large terrace made for parties and propped up by impossibly high retaining walls. Matio Ciudad Jardín, like other garden cities of Europe, is now a sought after address. The semi rural ambiance, the retro architecture and panorama across Bilbao to Pagasarri are an estate agent’s dream.
